Gas & Explosion CFD
FLACS-CFD
Gas dispersion, flammable-volume development, gas explosion, overpressure, venting, and mitigation assessment.
BESS Engineering Services
Product-Level and Installation-Level Fire Safety Analysis
Focused engineering for BESS manufacturers, system integrators, and EPC teams preparing products and projects for U.S. deployment.
Primary Deliverables
- Hazard Mitigation Analysis
- Fire and explosion CFD reports
- NFPA compliance assessments
- Test-data interpretation
- PE-reviewed engineering reports
Defined Service Scope
Engineering that Connects Product Data to Installation Decisions
BSD does not operate a fire-test laboratory. Physical testing is performed by qualified third-party laboratories. We support test planning, interpret test results, evaluate the product and intended installation, and prepare technical reports for design, compliance, and AHJ review.
Product-Level Engineering
BESS Product and Enclosure Analysis
Engineering analysis focused on the BESS product itself, its enclosure, protective features, test evidence, and intended operating configuration.
Typical Scope
- Product-level Hazard Mitigation Analysis (HMA)
- UL 9540A cell, module, and unit test-data interpretation
- Thermal runaway propagation and fire-hazard characterization
- Flammable-gas generation and accumulation assessment
- Enclosure ventilation and mitigation review
- NFPA 68 deflagration-venting assessment
- NFPA 69 explosion-prevention and control assessment
- Product compliance and engineering report preparation
Installation-Level Engineering
Site-Specific BESS Integration and Compliance
Assessment of how the selected BESS product performs within the proposed site layout, building, enclosure, electrical system, exposures, and jurisdictional framework.
Typical Scope
- NFPA 855 compliance assessment
- Installation-level HMA
- Site layout, separation distance, and exposure review
- Ventilation and combustible-gas assessment
- Fire propagation, thermal exposure, and consequence analysis
- Deflagration pressure and mitigation assessment
- Integration of UL 9540A evidence into the project design
- AHJ comments and permitting support
Advanced BESS Modeling
Simulation Matched to the Engineering Question
BSD combines specialized CFD, fire, thermal, structural, and seismic simulation platforms to turn product data and site conditions into defensible engineering conclusions.
Fire & Thermal CFD
PyroSim / FDS
Fire development, smoke movement, temperature, heat flux, fireball exposure, and adjacent-unit thermal analysis.
Structural & Seismic
Altair
Structural response and seismic simulation for BESS equipment and supporting systems, including IEEE 693 support where applicable.
Modeling Applications
Three Connected Areas of Analysis
Gas & Explosion
Off-gas dispersion, flammable volume, enclosure pressure, deflagration venting, and explosion-control performance.
Fire & Thermal
Fire growth, smoke movement, heat flux, vent discharge, fireball exposure, and thermal impact on adjacent units.
Structural & Seismic
Equipment response, structural demand, support-system performance, and seismic assessment for deployment conditions.
Representative Simulation Example
NFPA 69 Gas Dispersion Assessment
This anonymized example illustrates how CFD can be used to examine flammable-gas distribution, enclosure ventilation, and concentration behavior over time. Results are interpreted together with the modeled release scenario, ventilation configuration, and defined assessment criteria.
01
Gas Concentration Distribution
Gas-mixture volume fraction during early- and later-stage release conditions, shown from multiple viewing angles.
02
Ventilation Velocity Distribution
Velocity contours at the modeled inlet and exhaust regions support review of the ventilation flow path and local air movement.
03
Enclosure-Average Concentration
The volume-mean gas-mixture fraction provides a time-history view of the initial transient and subsequent concentration behavior.
Representative Simulation Example
NFPA 68 Deflagration Venting Assessment
This anonymized example illustrates transient deflagration development and the engineering outputs used to evaluate venting behavior. Product formation, pressure, temperature, and panel-pressure histories are reviewed together with the modeled geometry and boundary conditions.
01
Deflagration Development
Modeled combustion-product development at two stages of the early transient.
02
Pressure and Temperature Fields
Maximum pressure and temperature outputs support evaluation of enclosure response, venting behavior, and thermal conditions during the modeled event.
03
Panel Pressure History
Time-history results compare transient pressure response at selected enclosure panels and show the positive and negative pressure phases of the modeled event.
Our Process
From Test Evidence to Review-Ready Conclusions
1. Define
Confirm the product, intended installation, jurisdiction, objectives, and required deliverable.
2. Assemble Evidence
Review drawings, specifications, test reports, operating information, and project constraints.
3. Analyze
Apply code assessment, calculations, CFD, and engineering judgment appropriate to the question.
4. Document
Prepare clear findings, assumptions, limitations, recommendations, and PE review when required.
Discuss Your Project
Need a Product-Level or Installation-Level Assessment?
Send us the available test reports, product information, site configuration, target state, and permitting requirements.